Volume 223 Issue 11

This issue of the MJA is especially large and diverse. One reason for the size of the issue is because of some process changes that we are making to how we publish, which will kick in at the beginning of 2026. We will be describing more about these changes on the Journal website over the next few weeks, including what you should expect for the Journal’s look and feel in 2026. However, the content mix and our priorities will not change and I’d like to use some of wide range of content in this issue to reflect on some of the areas that we see as our priorities to publish on. The research article by Verlis and colleagues on greenhouse gas emissions associated with anaesthetic gases1 highlights one of our longstanding interests — the now very well established association between climate change and health outcomes. This article reports that between 2002 and 2022, the main anaesthetic gas that contributed to greenhouse gas emissions in Australia was desflurane, and that reduction in its use since 2017 was associated with a reduction in the overall emissions rate associated with anaesthetic gases. This article is a good example of the type of research that needs to be actively encouraged for us to build a comprehensive knowledge base of how the causes of climate change can be understood and how actions to mitigate them can be developed, particularly within the health sector. A research article by Francia and colleagues on the epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD)2 is especially important because this disease, which has an unacceptably large burden in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations, is almost entirely preventable. As the authors say, “the significant ARF and RHD burden among Indigenous Queenslanders, and vast disparity with non‐Indigenous populations, calls for an urgent whole‐of‐government response”. We agree. One of the Journal highlights of the year was the second NAIDOC week issue led by a team of Indigenous Guest Editors, a process that has helped the Journal commit to prioritising work on Indigenous health led by Indigenous researchers and communities. This year we were also very honoured to be presented with the artwork from Uncle Paul Scott that was displayed on the Journal’s cover, and to meet his community. The editorial from that issue “Indigenous Health Special Issue 2025: carving our path with spirit, strength and solidarity” powerfully explained that issue’s purpose — and an ongoing priority for the MJA “to prioritise, platform, and celebrate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership and excellence through health, clinical and academic dialogue”.3 A research article by Ey and colleagues on non‐technical errors associated with deaths in surgical care4 also reflects a key interest for the Journal, which is the importance of culture in medical practice. What this article shows so effectively is that although technical errors are all too common in surgery, non‐technical errors — caused, for example, by poor communication, lack of effective teamwork, flawed decision making and inadequate leadership — are equally important. The article reinforces how important culture is in a health care organisation: for those who work there and, even more importantly, for those who receive care there. At the MJA, we also understand the importance of clinical guidelines informing practice across Australia and this year we have been fortunate enough to publish a number of these articles. This issue includes the first evidence‐based guidelines for Australia on male infertility.5 Infertility is common, with one in six couples affected, with male infertility contributing to up to 50% of infertility cases. As with all guidelines, publication is just the start and we are keen to promote their dissemination. A recent podcast from the first author, Darren Katz, put these guidelines in context (https://www. MJA.com.au/podcast/223/8/MJA‐podcasts‐2025‐episode‐21‐australias‐first‐male‐infertility‐guidelines). Finally, a narrative review on generative artificial intelligence (AI)6 in clinical practice is incredibly timely, given the acceleration of AI across health care and society more widely over the past year. AI is now part of everybody’s life — in both our personal and professional spheres — and is increasingly the focus of governments, professional bodies and journals. In this article, Scott and colleagues assess the current state of generative AI for clinical practice and propose a phased approach to implementation, beginning with uses that are uncontroversial, such as relieving clerical and administrative burden, through to those uses that will need more care and oversight, such as consumer‐facing applications. At the end of this year, I want to take the time to thank everybody who contributes to making the MJA what it is. This includes the dedicated Journal team, our external editorial advisory group (Box 1; https://www. MJA.com.au/journal/staff/MJA‐editorial‐advisory‐committee), the enormous numbers of reviewers (Box 2) and the many authors who submit to us every year. We understand that a journal like the MJA can only be successful through the support of the community that it serves, and we are very grateful for the trust placed in us by the Australian health care community. Box 1 – The MJA Editorial Advisory Group, November 2025 The MJA Editorial Advisory Group members are eminent clinicians and scholars who are valuable sources of ideas for the content of the Journal. They provide constructive criticism of the format and content of the Journal, and provide independent advice to the MJA Editorial Committee on appeals of editorial decisions, problematic articles, and complaints about the editorial process. Professor John AttiaProfessor Cheryl A JonesProfessor Toby Richards Associate Professor Lilon G BandlerAssociate Professor Zsuzsoka KecskesProfessor Christobel Saunders Professor Anthony CaponProfessor José Florencio Lapeña, Jr. (Philippines)Professor Susan Sawyer Professor Flavia M CicuttiniProfessor Christopher LeviProfessor Jenong-Wook Seo (Korea) Professor Paul B ColditzProfessor C Raina MacIntyreProfessor Lambert Schuwirth Professor Brendan S CrabbProfessor Jennifer MartinProfessor Joseph Sung (China) Professor Jaya DantasProfessor Patrick D McGorryProfessor Helena Teede Professor Anne DugganProfessor Catriona McLeanProfessor Philip G Truskett Professor David A EllwoodAssociate Professor Lucy MorganProfessor Robyn Ward Ms Alex FarrellProfessor Peter L Munk (Canada)Professor Steve Wesselingh Professor Peter G GibsonProfessor Debra NestelProfessor Paul S Worley Professor Marc GladmanProfessor Ian N OlverDr Catherine Yelland Professor Charles GuestProfessor Wilfred CG Peh (Singapore)Professor Neville D Yeomans Professor Claire L JacksonProfessor Anna RalphProfessor Jeffrey Zajac Box 2 – MJA reviewers, 31 October 2024 – 1 November 2025 Barbara-Ann AdelsteinCatherine BennettLucy BurrNigel W CrawfordPaul P FaheyPaul S Haber Hossein AdibiJulie BennettLouise M BurrellPhilip CrispinMichael O FalsterBridget G Haire Robert AdlerChristine ConstancePaul Robert BurtonTimothy CroftJillann F FarmerChristian R Hamilton-Craig Ebenezer Afrifa-YamoahBennettDanielle C ButlerPhilip CrowleyTim FazioStephen Hampton Kingsley AghoJill BensonTamara ButlerHernan CuervoEllen FinlayMark J Hanly Robert J AitkenDinesh BhandariRose CairnsPeter CursonDavid W FirmanIsabel Hanson Sarah AitkenNeera BhatiaRosemary CalderRachael CvejicRobert A FitridgePenny Haora Stuart AitkenHabib BhurawalaLeon CalyLucette CysiqueGerard J FitzGeraldRichard Wayman Harper Marie AlfordLaurent BillotPeter A CameronPetra CzarniakArthas FlabourisBenjamin Harrap Sam AlfredCatherine S BirmanEwan CameronEleonora Dal GrandeJoanne FlavelDylan Harries Sarah AliGlenda BishopAnna CampainDeepak DarshanDavid R FletcherMark F Harris Sonia AllanRenee BittounKarla J CanutoGhazaleh DashtiLeon FlickerRicci Harris Penny L AllenDeborah A BlackJonathan R CarapetisMike DaubeChristopher M FlorkowskiPatrick Harris John V AmerenaKirsten I BlackStacy M. CarterA. James M. DavesonDarran FooKatie Harris Robert AmeryJim BlackLeanne ChalmersEllen DaviesRachel FoongJessica Harris Nicholas AnagnostouChristopher F BladinAlex J ChamberlainEsther DavisMalcolm ForbesMary Ellen Harrod Austen AndersonBrooke BlakeleyRaymond ChanRichard O DayDavid Fraile NavarroGunter F Hartel David AndresenClaire BlewittSong ChanCaroline M de CostaJacqueline FrayneSamuel Harvey Melissa K AndrewNgaree BlowNiamh ChapmanAlan de CostaBecky FreemanAlys Havard Nicolas M AnsteyChristopher C BlythJudith L CharltonNicholas H de KlerkToby FreemanDavid Hawes Matthew H AnsteyPeter BoanJack ChenMark DeadyAlana GallNarelle L Haworth Linda Appiah-KubiCatriona M F BonfiglioliWinnie ChenJessica M DeanSiun GallagherWayne Hawthorne Bruce B ArnoldMichael A BonningIan R CheongRebecca DeansGreg GambleAndrew Hayen Rosalie AroniJennifer BoocockJenny ChestersGary DeedCaroline X GaoChristopher Hayes Christopher K ArthurRobert BootsAda S CheungKatrine Del VillarBradley J GardinerNoel E Hayman Nicholas AshboltJeffrey BorisAngela L ChiewJack DeLacyDarren GarveyRichard B Hays Susan Astley-HemingwayMark BougheyHuiJun ChihAnthony DelaneyLouise GatesGeorgie Haysom John R AttiaSarah BourkeClayton K ChiuClare DelanyDorota M GertigWilliam F Heddle Tim AungSimon D BowlerPhilip Young-Ill ChoiChris DelcherDereje GeteRobert D Henderson Scott AveryIan W BoydTerence Woon How ChongSarah M DennisAngela GialamasMichael Hendryx Oyekoya Taiwo AyonrindeFrances M BoylePeter F M ChoongKate DerryFiona GianniniMartin Hensher Peter D BaadeOwen BradfieldClara K ChowLeon Di StefanoBelinda GibbSubash Shanthakumar Heraganahally Michael BaigentClare BradleyJonathan ChristiansenJan E DickinsonAlison GibberdAna Herceg Suzanne Bain-DonohueCaitlin BrandenburgSusan ChuaJoanna DipnallNathan J GibbsMarta Hernandez-Jover Ross I BakerAnnette J Braunack-MayerEric ChungAnnette J DobsonKatherine GibneyAlan Herschtal Emily BanksGraeme A BrazenorIan D CivilKate DooleyJohn GibsonCharlotte Mary Hespe Phil G BardinPeter BreadonJonathan ClarkGregory J DorePeter G GibsonMark Hew Christopher J BarlowLauren BreenJacqueline C T CloseDannii DoughertyStephen Dean GillDavid G Hewett Karen M BarlowLindsey BrettTina CockburnMark W DouglasMarisa T GillesPeter Hewett Kristine K Barlow-StewartFraser J BrimsPaul B ColditzNicholas Martin DouglasMalcolm GilliesIan B Hickie Rahul D BarmanrayHelena C BrittClaire ColesRobert DowsettAmanda K GilliganDaryl Higgins Adrian BarnettPhilip N BrittonPeter J CollignonStephen J DuckettPaul P GlasziouCatherine L Hill Lorana BartelsClaire E BrolanRobert James CommonsGreg J DuncombeAnthony GloverAnne-Marie Hill Nicole L BartleyDaniel Brooks ReidKatherine M ConigraveVicki DurstonJoseph P GoneSusan L Hillier Shona Marie BatesJulia M L BrothertonMatthew C CookJeffrey DutschkePhillip D GoodPravin Hissaria Robert G BateySinan BrownJacqueline CoombeJohn R DyerAlexandra S GorelikRichard Hockey Malcolm W BattersbyLauren Julia BrownMichael D CooryRobert EleyStephen Roger GravesJay Hocking Fran BaumNicholas A BuckleyBonney CorbinRohan A ElliottEric GuazzoCarol L Hodgson Frank H BeardLiz BuckleySusan CorcoranAdrian ElliottJane M GunnChris B Holmwood Kerri BeckmannCharley BudgeonIngrid A CoxDavid A EllwoodLyle C GurrinNusrat Homaira Jana BednarzLuke BurchillTerry J CoyneNathan EmmerichJosephine Diana GwynnLouise Horstmanshof Mary K BelfrageJonathan G W BurdonSusanna CrambAdam EslickKylie GwynneRachel Horton Simon BellSonya BurgessPeter CrankMohamed EstaiThi Ninh HaRobert L Horvath Aminu BelloKharis BurnsDarrell H G CrawfordSue M EvansBronwyn B HaasdykClaire M Vajdic Noleen J BennettVincent Weng Seng LeeStacey McMullenJonathan PenmChristine T ShinerKees van Gool Paul HottonGraham Andrew LeeShannon McNeairAndrew PerryAlexis Leah ShubMegan Varlow Martin HowellKenneth LeeJohn J McNeilLaura PerryAmanda SibosadoAlejandro Vasquez Hernandez Jeremy HsuHan-Shin LeeRebekah E McWhirterMatthew J PetersGregory SillerKarl Vaz M Mamun HudaJames W LeitchSusan MendezGregory M PetersonSusan SilveiraDanya Vears Carolyn HullickRupert LeongNicole MercerJonathan PhamDavid SimmonsSree Krishna Venuthurupalli Peter C HunterMiriam T LevyLea MeroneSophie PittScott SimsDeborah Verran Jennifer HunterMichael H LevyPeter MiddletonAdam C PomerleauMatthew SimunovicKarin Verspoor Md Hamidul HuqueDiana LewisErica MillarThaddeus M PopeFreddy SitasElmer V Villanueva Zoë HydeBridget LewisCaroline Louise MillerCeleste PorsbjergTim SladeRenuka Visvanathan Jonathan HyettMonique LewisJulie MillerJennifer PowerDavid W SmithAditya Vyas Peter J IllingworthJoel LexchinTim MillerKaren PriceKate SmithAndrew Waa Abdul Qadir (Didir) ImranXia LiTalila MilroyH Miles PrinceDaniel SmithMelissa Wake Maria C InacioGary Y. H. LiewLouise E MitchellPeter ProcopisCarolynn L SmithKate A Walker Geoffrey K IsbisterHelen G LileyTess Moeke-MaxwellAnte ProdanJames SmithRobert J Walker James P IsbisterAshleigh LinBen W MolAlyssa PykePeter SmithAdrian R Walker Rodney T JacksonDaniel LindsayDavid MolloyRomana PylypchukJessamine SoderstromLucie K Walters Tina JanamianRaghu LingamAlicia MontgomerieMaria RacitiSze-Ee SohRichard Walton Jonine JanceyClare LittletonHannah C MooreJanette C RadfordTania C SorrellJeanette E Ward Garry L R JenningsAdam C. LivoriPatricia MooreNicola RahmanPeter SpeckSarah Ward Hubertus JersmannSerigne LoKim MoreySatish RajGeoffrey K SpurlingDavid A K Watters David JesudasonKamalini LokugeSusan J MorganAnna P RalphPreeyaporn SrasuebkulJared Watts Shilpa JesudasonJeffrey C L LooiWesley MorganIsuru RanasingheVelandai SrikanthMarianne F Weber Awachana JiamsakulDerrick LopezPeter MorleyNicole M RankinIngrid StaceyHeidi Welberry Thanjira JiranantakanCourtney LouisKirsten Claire MorleyMelissa RavenMaryke SteffensCameron Wells Peter G JonesJennie LouiseMeg E MorrisWilliam D RawlinsonPaulina StehlikMark Wenitong Mark A JonesNicole LowresDavid MountainPhillip ReadBrian Neil SteinJohn M Wentworth Michael P JonesChristine Y. LuAlison M MudgeDavid ReadSandrine StepienRobb Wesselingh Caitlin JonesMichaela LucasEimear Muir-CochraneMichael C ReadeRob StirlingJuanita L Westbury Benjamin JonesGuy L LudbrookPaul S MylesHelen K ReddelMartin R StocklerSeth Westhead Michelle JongenelisKristiana LudlowMelanie NadeauSusan J ReesNigel P StocksBen P White Louisa JormNatalie LukasVasikaran NaganathanBenjamin ReevesLouise StoneScott William White Matthew D JoseJohn LynchShanti NarayanasamyChristopher M ReidEmily StoneDavid C Whiteman Stephanie JowettAlan Shui Lun MaBushra NasirAlice M RichardsonMelissa StonehamAlexis Whitton Alia KaderbhaiAndrew I MacIsaacLeya NedumannilIan T RingMark StooveLisa J Whop Helena KajlichHeather G MackPariece NelliganElizabeth RixSimone I StrasserHelen M Wilcox Stefan C KaneMaria MackayMark R NelsonIain K RobertsonEdward StrivensKerrie Wiley Jonathan KarnonFinlay A MacraeJohn NewnhamStephen J RobsonDion StubStephen Wilkinson Ilan KatzRaglan MaddoxLinh NgoDavid M RoderBronwyn Gwenneth Ann StuckeyDavid Williams Judith M KatzenellenbogenParker John MaginGary NichollsMargaret J RogersSupriya SubramaniAnne Williams Margaret P KayChristopher G MaherBrooke NickelBenjmain RogersShuichi SuetaniCrystal Williams Eugenie KayakKylie-Ann MallittSuzanne NielsenLoreto Vanessa Tevah RoseClair SullivanDaniel Williamson Luise KazdaLinda MannClaire NightingaleBronwen RossThomas R SullivanAndrew Wilson Helen Isobel KeenGregory Bruce MannRaelene NixonElizabeth E RougheadJing SunMark Wilson John W KellyJo-Anne ElizabethHelen Christine NoonanDominic B RoweSuresh SundramRachel Wilson Michelle KennedyManski-NankervisAnna NoonanStacey L RoweTom R SutherlandRebecca J Winter Emma KennedyElizabeth MarlesSarah NorrisEmily S RudlingAaron L SverdlovEJ Wise Danelle KennyJohn E MarleyJohn B NorthGrant M RussellJerneja SveticicAdelaide Withers Ngaire M KerseSally MarottiJohannes NossentDeborah J RussellMelody TabaGary A Wittert Alison M KessonMathew D MarquesDon NutbeamRachel Sacks-DavisJade TamateaLi-Chuen Wong Ameneh KhatamiRobyn MarshMichael O’CallaghanGrant SaraRam TampiErica M Wood Nigar KhawajaPaul T MartinKim OatesKarinna SaxbyYamna TaoukLisa Wood Meegan Lesley KilcullenMarianne MartinelloJames O’beirneLionel SchachnaAvelina TarragoAlistair J Woodward Ross KincaidEsperanza MartinezFergus O’ConnorTheo SchallKerry Anne TaylorJeremy Woolley Adrienne C KirbyThomas H MarwickKerry-Ann F O’GradyChris SchillingLuc te MarveldeCassy Workman Edwin KirkJane MasonJeneva OhanMarkus SchlaichHiran ThabrewMelina Gattellari Worthington Kate KlootSiobhán MastersonMark OliverRichard John SchloeffelLena ThinJoachim Worthington Brian KoBen MathewsCatherine M OlsenAndre SchultzJosephine Suzanne ThomasMichael Wright Archana KoiralaVeronica MatthewsSjúrdur Frodi OlsenDavid W SchultzElizabeth ThomasRosemary Wyber Kairi KolvesDanielle MazzaIan N OlverJohannes SchwabeAlexander James ThompsonElizabeth J Wylie Paul A KomesaroffHelen McArdleJason J OngRuss J ScottKaren ThorpeCarol Wylie Kelvin M KongGeoffrey W McCaughanSuzanne G OrchardJames G ScottJames TibballsKatie Wynne Jayashri KulkarniJames McCawGerard Michael O’ReillyPaul A ScuffhamMaeghan ToewsSumit Yadav Ashwani KumarStephen P McDonaldJoshua OsowickiDeshan F SebaratnamDuncan Jake ToplissAnusch Yazdani Eeva-Katri KumpulaPatrick McElduffAmy Theresa PageHiran SelvaduraiAdrienne J TordaCatherine Yelland Marina KuninTroy McEwanKirsten R PalmerTarun Sen GuptaMandy TruongCarlo (Chino) Yuson Geetanjali LambaNeil W McGillJean PalutikofFaraz Vahid ShahidiDamon TumesDipti Zachariah Klay LamprellSteven McGloughlinYin ParadiesRenuka ShanmugalingamDavid James TunnicliffeJohn R Zalcberg Alexander LarcombePatrick D McGorryAdriana ParrellaShivanthan ShanthikumarShahid UllahNicholas Zdenkowski David M LawrenceMatthew Richard McGrailAndrew PartingtonDinberu ShebeshiMahesh UmapathysivamYuejen Zhao John A LawsonPeter B McIntyreStephanie PartridgeHarshvardhan SheoreyOwen Allan UngDeborah R Zion Paul D LawtonShannon McKinnDora PearceSimone SherriffCatherine VacherYvonne Anna Zurynski Suong LeAndrea McKivettOdette PearsonAmith ShettySanjyot Vagholkar Amanda Jane LeachCameron John McLarenRoxanna Pebdani Julie LeaskDaniel B McLaughlinCarmelle Peisah Katherine Jane LeeAlison McLeanStella Pendle

Virginia Barbour