Rapid Growth in Diagnostic CT Knee Imaging in Australia: Implications for Imaging Stewardship

Computed tomography (CT) of the knee has traditionally had a limited role in routine practice. Recent Medicare data show a rapid increase in CT knee utilisation in Australia, far exceeding growth in other imaging modalities. This divergence is unlikely to reflect clinical need and instead suggests a shift in practice, potentially driven by expansion into non-evidence-based CT-guided procedures. This raises concerns regarding unnecessary radiation exposure, procedure-related harm and escalating costs driven by volume rather than value. The absence of clear differentiation between diagnostic and procedural CT imaging within current Medicare Benefits Schedule item structures limits oversight. Imaging stewardship and policy reform are required to ensure appropriate, evidence-based use.