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Disaster surge planning in Australia: measuring the immeasurable

Andrew G Robertson and David M Cooper
Med J Aust 2007; 186 (8): . || doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb00969.x
Published online: 16 April 2007

A call for better data and focused research

Surge capacity has been defined as the “health care system’s ability to manage a sudden or rapidly progressive influx of patients within the currently available resources at a given point in time”.1 This term entered the disaster medicine lexicon after “9/11” 2001, and has become a key feature of health disaster planning since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreaks, the rising threat of pandemic influenza, and the Madrid and London bombings in 2004 and 2005.


  • 1 Health Protection Group, Department of Health, Perth, WA.
  • 2 Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, and National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT.



  • 1. American College of Emergency Physicians. Health care system surge capacity recognition, preparedness, and response [policy statement]. Ann Emerg Med 2005; 45: 239.
  • 2. Auf der Heide E. Principles of hospital disaster planning. In: Hogan DE, Burstein JL, editors. Disaster medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002: 57-89.
  • 3. Hick JL, Hanfling D, Burstein J, et al. Health care facility and community strategies for patient care surge capacity. Ann Emerg Med 2004; 44: 253-261.
  • 4. Traub M, Bradt DA, Joseph AP. The Surge Capacity for People in Emergencies (SCOPE) study in Australasian hospitals. Med J Aust 2007; 186: 394-398. <MJA full text>
  • 5. Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services. National Bioterrorism Preparedness Program. FY 2005 Continuation guidance. CFDA # 93.889. http://www.hrsa.gov/bioterrorism/hrsa05001.htm (accessed Feb 2007).
  • 6. Casani JAP, Romanosky AJ. Surge capacity. In: Ciottone GR, Anderson PD, Auf der Heide E, et al, editors. Disaster medicine. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2006: 193-202.
  • 7. Phillips S. Current status of surge research. Acad Emerg Med 2006; 13: 1103-1108.
  • 8. Davis DP, Poste JC, Hicks T, et al. Hospital bed surge capacity in the event of a mass-casualty incident. Prehospital Disaster Med 2005; 20: 169-176.
  • 9. Australian Health Ministers’ Conference (AHMC). National Burns Planning and Coordinating Committee. AUSBURNPLAN strategy paper. Australian Mass Casualty Burn Disaster Plan. Final draft. Jun 2004. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content/phd-health-emergency.htm/$FILE/ausburn.pdf (accessed Mar 2007).
  • 10. Murnane M, Cooper D. Is the Australian hospital system adequately prepared for terrorism? The Australian Government’s response. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 572-573. <MJA full text>
  • 11. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. The Australian Health Management Plan for Pandemic Influenza. May 2006. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-pandemic-ahmppi.htm (accessed Mar 2007).
  • 12. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. National Medical Stockpile. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-pandemic-ahmppi-toc.htm~ohp-pandemic-ahmppi-02.htm~ohp-pandemic-ahmppi-2.2.htm (accessed Mar 2007).

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