The risks of medical complacency towards poliomyelitis

• 1 Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, QLD
• 2 Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD
• 3 Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, NSW
• 4 Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW
• 5 Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, VIC
• 6 Australian Government Department of Health, Canberra, ACT

---

• 1. World Health Organization. Polio endgame strategy 2019–2023: eradication, integration, certification and containment [WHO/Polio/19.04]. WHO, 2018. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/polio-endgame-strategy-2019-2023-eradication-integration-certification-and-containment (viewed June 2020).
• 2. Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Polio this week as of 2 June 2020. http://polioeradication.org/polio-today/polio-now/this-week (viewed June 2020).
• 3. Poliovirus infections. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA, editors. Red book: 2006 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases; 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 2006; p. 542.
• 4. Hall JJ, Ambang T, Asante A, et al. Poliomyelitis outbreak in Papua New Guinea: health system and health security implications for PNG and Australia. Med J Aust 2019; 211: 161–163. https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2019/211/4/poliomyelitis-outbreak-papua-new-guinea-health-system-and-health-security
• 5. Global Polio Eradication Initiatve. Where we work: Malaysia. http://polioeradication.org/where-we-work/malaysia (viewed June 2020).
• 6. D'Souza RM, Kennett M, Watson C. Australia declared polio free. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2002; 26: 253–260.
• 7. Australian Government Department of Home Affairs. Visa statistics https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/research-and-statistics/statistics/visa-statistics/visit (viewed Oct 2019).
• 8. World Health Organization. International Health Regulations (2005); 3rd ed. WHO, 2016. https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241580496/en/ (viewed Dec 2019).
• 9. World Health Organization. WHO Vaccine‐Preventable Diseases Surveillance Standards: poliomyelitis; updated 5 Sept 2018. WHO, 2018. https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/vpd/WHO_SurveillanceVaccinePreventable_18_Polio_R2.pdf?ua (viewed Aug 2019).
• 10. Carnie JA, Lester R, Moran R, et al. Public health response to imported case of poliomyelitis Australia, 2007. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15: 1733–1737.
• 11. Roberts JA, Hobday LK, Ibrahim A, Thorley BR. Australian National Enterovirus Reference Laboratory annual report 2018. Commun Dis Intell 2018; 2020: 44. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2020.44.26.
• 12. World Health Organization. Polio Bulletin 2020, issue 6, week 18 (5 May 2020). WHO, 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330696/Polio-Bulletin-2020-No-06-Week-18.pdf (viewed June 2020).
• 13. Levy A, Roberts J, Lang S, et al. Enterovirus D68 disease and molecular epidemiology in Australia. J Clin Virol 2015; 69: 117–121.
• 14. Uprety P, Curtis D, Elkan M, et al. Association of enterovirus D68 with acute flaccid myelitis, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 2009–2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25: 1676–1682.
• 15. Muslin C, Mac Kain A, Bessaud M, et al. Recombination in enteroviruses, a multi‐step modular evolutionary process. Viruses 2019; 11: 859.
• 16. Dinsmore N, McRae J, Saravanos G, et al. Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance for polio: challenges of stool collection in Australia. 16th Immunisation Conference of the Public Health Association of Australia; Adelaide (Australia), 5–7 June 2018.