eMJA: Evidence-based uncertainty: recent trial results on prostate-specific antigen testing and prostate cancer mortality

Editorials

Evidence-based uncertainty: recent trial results on prostate-specific antigen testing and prostate cancer mortality

David P Smith, Emily Banks, Mark S Clements, Robert A Gardiner and Bruce K Armstrong

MJA 2009; 191 (4): 199-200

Large-scale randomised controlled trials in Europe and the United States are informing evidence-based clinical advice

Population-wide prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer is not recommended in Australia, primarily because of the lack of large-scale randomised trial evidence of a beneficial effect on prostate cancer mortality and the known harms of overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment that may ensue. In spite of this, PSA testing is common; the limited evidence available suggests that more than 50% of Australian men over the age of 50 years have had the test.1,2

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