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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals: time for a culture change

Peter J Collignon, M Lindsay Grayson and Paul D R Johnson
Med J Aust 2007; 187 (1): . || doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01104.x
Published online: 2 July 2007

Infection control principles need to be at the core of Australian hospitals, not just an afterthought

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections continue to be an entrenched problem in hospitals throughout Australia,1-3 and create an added burden for hospital care, rather than simply replacing infections caused by more antibiotic-susceptible bacteria. The cost of not dealing with MRSA, as is currently the case in most Australian states, appears to be huge, including prolonged patient length of stay and reattendances to outpatient clinics, not to mention the suffering of affected patients. Yet many in the health sector feel overwhelmed by the MRSA problem, and see it as a part of life about which little can be done.


  • 1 Infectious Diseases Unit and Microbiology Department, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT.
  • 2 School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
  • 3 Infectious Diseases Department, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC.
  • 4 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC.
  • 5 Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC.


Correspondence: peter.collignon@act.gov.au

  • 1. Collignon P, Nimmo GR, Gottlieb T, Gosbell IB; Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 554-561.
  • 2. Johnson PDR, Martin R, Burrell LJ, et al. Efficacy of an alcohol/chlorhexidine hand hygiene program in a hospital with high rates of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 509-514. <MJA full text>
  • 3. Nimmo GR, Bell JM, Mitchell D, et al; AGAR. Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Australian teaching hospitals, 1989–1999. Microb Drug Resist 2003; 9: 155-160.
  • 4. Faria NA, Oliveira DC, Westh H, et al. Epidemiology of emerging methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Denmark: a nationwide study in a country with low prevalence of MRSA infection. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 1836-1842.
  • 5. Wertheim HF, Vos MC, Boelens HA, et al. Low prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at hospital admission in the Netherlands: the value of search and destroy and restrictive antibiotic use. J Hosp Infect 2004; 56: 321-325.
  • 6. Dailey L, Coombs GW, O’Brien FG, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Western Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 1584-1590.
  • 7. Sprivulis PC, Da Silva JA, Jacobs IG, et al. The association between hospital overcrowding and mortality among patients admitted via Western Australian emergency departments. Med J Aust 2006; 184: 208-212. <MJA full text>
  • 8. Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Protecting 5 million lives from harm. Reduce methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection: getting started kit. How-to guide. Cambridge, Mass: IHI, 2007. http://www.ihi.org/IHI/Programs/Campaign/Campaign.htm?TabId=2#ReduceMethicillin-ResistantStaphylococcusAureus(MRSA)Infection (accessed Mar 2007).
  • 9. Collignon PJ, Wilkinson IJ, Gilbert GL, et al. Health care-associated Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: a clinical quality indicator for all hospitals. Med J Aust 2006; 184: 404-406. <MJA full text>

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