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Letters

Australia's media reporting of health and medical matters: a question of quality

Julie Robotham

See reply by Armstrong and Van Der Weyden

MJA 2006; 184 (9): 479-480

To the Editor: Despite a new survey with some interesting results, the MJA’s Medicine and the Media special failed overall to advance the topic.

Van der Weyden and Armstrong enthusiastically cite Schwartz and Woloshin: “don’t report preliminary findings”.1 (In fact, they wrote, “In general, don’t report preliminary findings”,2 but let’s allow this journalistic context tweak.) In their article, Schwartz and Woloshin contend that this is because “what is new may turn out to be wrong”.

Many things reported in newspapers are subject to subsequent change. So, to be on the safe side, let’s exclude them all. No more Cabinet leaks: let’s wait till everything is resolved and perfect-bound by the government stationery office. An end to covering murder trials: what if the accused is found not guilty? Forget about half-time match scores, and definitely no celebrity weddings because they’ll be divorced within the year.

A moratorium on discussing preliminary findings would put off-limits highly respected annual meetings such as those of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, which set the treatment agenda annually for clinicians and patients in the fastest-paced medical specialties. It is nonsense to suggest the media should censor early results, a point that has been made previously.3

The world has moved on. News is no longer a series of monolithic reports, each entirely true and complete. Like life, news is a work in progress — a rolling tide of updates, each modifying the last.

Everyone loves a winner, and it is gratifying to note the Sydney Morning Herald is currently top of the Media Doctor league table.4 This website is a useful focal point, and Smith and colleagues’ suggestion that researchers take some responsibility for how their results are presented to the public is helpful.5

But of the three solicited commentaries,6-8 not one was from a newsroom health reporter, or — better still — a daily news editor or producer who decides, amid the controlled chaos of breaking and evolving stories, which reports should run and how prominently.

Was this because they were not approached?

Imagine a five-article package on immunisation practice without a view from a general practitioner, or one on appendicectomy without the insight of a surgeon.

It is a serious omission that undermines the credibility of the MJA’s package and calls its motivation into question. Genuine rapprochement might threaten the sport of media sniping that has become a lively sideline for some medical journals.

Author detailsJulie Robotham, BA (Oxon), Medical Editor

Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney, NSW.

Correspondence: jrobothamATsmh.com.au

References
  1. Van Der Weyden MB, Armstrong RM. Australia’s media reporting of health and medical matters: a question of quality [editorial]. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 188-189. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  2. Schwartz LM, Woloshin S. The media matter: a call for straightforward medical reporting. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140: 226-228. <PubMed>
  3. Robotham J, Whitehead R. Media coverage of scientific presentations [letter]. Med J Aust 2002; 177: 375. <eMJA full text>
  4. Media doctor Australia. Comparison of our media sources. Available at: http://www.mediadoctor.org.au/content/media.jsp (accessed Mar 2006).
  5. Smith DE, Wilson AJ, Henry DA, on behalf of the media doctor study group. Monitoring the quality of medical news reporting: early experience with media doctor. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 190-193. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  6. Sweet MA. New website is no miracle cure. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 194. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  7. Swan N. Evidence-based journalism: a forlorn hope? Med J Aust 2005; 183: 194-195. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  8. Herman JR, Morgan JAT. Medical news reporting: establishing goodwill and cooperation. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 195-196. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>

(Received 24 Sep 2005, accepted 2 Apr 2006)


Ruth M Armstrong and Martin B Van Der Weyden

In reply: Would that we could convince newspaper editors not to publish inaccurate stories, cabinet leaks, sensational and one-sided details of trials in progress, hope-raising interim football scores or the details of celebrity weddings. However, our media package was not that ambitious!

In the context of medical reporting, we stand by our advice against publishing interim results. The reason that clinical trials have protocols, power calculations and stopping rules is that (just as football is a game of two halves) the results are really not relevant or reliable until all the data have been collected and analysed.

Our media package included contributions from two highly respected medical writers1,2 and a representative of Australian journalism’s peak body.3

Robotham is correct in surmising that we did not approach a newsroom health reporter or a news editor, but the immunisation analogy seems spurious. If we published a research paper that identified, for instance, deficiencies in general practitioners’ delivery of vaccinations, we would not necessarily accompany it with a commentary from a GP. Whatever their discipline, we would assign the task to someone who could point the way towards best practice.

Nevertheless, we are grateful for Robotham’s interest and acknowledge the responsibilities shared by both journalists and medical journal editors, albeit with differing emphasis — the dissemination of accurate and timely information.

Author detailsRuth M Armstrong, BMed, Deputy EditorMartin B Van Der Weyden, MD, FRACP, PhD, Editor

The Medical Journal of Australia, Sydney, NSW.

Correspondence: medjaustATampco.com.au

References
  1. Sweet MA. New website is no miracle cure. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 194. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  2. Swan N. Evidence-based journalism: a forlorn hope? Med J Aust 2005; 183: 194-195. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>
  3. Herman JR, Morgan JAT. Medical news reporting: establishing goodwill and cooperation. Med J Aust 2005; 183: 195-196. <eMJA full text> <PubMed>

(Received 3 Apr 2006, accepted 3 Apr 2006)

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